Thursday, February 29, 2024

Atmit and Fameal: Truly TEOTWAWKI Foods

It’s my general practice to evaluate recipes before posting them here on the blog.  And you know I’ve tried out some doozies to spare you.  The banana peel bacon and pinto bean cake were definitely not to die for.  More likely to die from.  Same with the homemade rice krispies.  And I know there are a few more, but my brain’s a bit addled right now.

Recipes I posted but didn’t try out were the emergency baby formulas. We didn’t have any babies at the time and I didn’t think about trying it when my granddaughter was little.  As she was already struggling to gain weight, I’m not sure her parents would have allowed it anyway.

So now I’m posting two more recipes that I haven’t tried and do not plan to.  They’ve been around for decades; however, there are not a lot of online sources for the recipes.  Almost all the links for atmit are dead.  And most of the ones for fameal are basically the same original source.  When you take a look at the ingredients and preparation, you’ll understand the theoretical approach employed here.  We prepare so that our families do not have to eat food like this.  I can’t prepare to feed others as well as I plan to feed my family.  I have neither the time, the energy (physical and cooking fuel), nor the space.  However, I would like to be prepared to feed others something should the need arise.  Most will be fine with beans and rice.  Others may need a more specialized diet.

In the way-back machine that is my brain, I recalled reading or hearing about my church sending tons of atmit to starving Ethiopians.  Because they were so debilitated, they needed highly nourishing food that was also easily digested. 

Atmit

50% fine oatmeal flour

25% nonfat dried milk

20% sugar

5% vitamins and minerals

Now you’ll see that looks like it’s a bit heavy on the vitamins and minerals.  Maybe the vitamin and mineral powder had a lot of filler in it to aid even distribution?  No idea.  At any rate, that formula was modified in 2009 to the following:

51% oat flour

23% nonfat dried milk

25% sugar

1% vitamins and minerals

Wikipedia is currently the only source for these formulas; the links to the original webpages are dead.  Nowhere is there any indication whether these quantities are by weight or by volume.  Assuming they are by volume, that would be 2 cups oat flour, 1 cup dried milk, 1 cup sugar, and some vitamins, finely crushed.  To prepare, add water to make a thin porridge and cook for a few minutes.

The fameal recipe has been on my to-do list for perhaps a year.  It doesn’t look complicated by any means, but it doesn’t look all that enticing either.  I had to accept the fact that I was never going to get around to trying it out on my family. 

Fameal

The original recipe:

50% by volume of wheat meal or cornmeal

30% by volume of any bean meal (lentils or soy are good choices)
10% by volume of cooking oil
10% by volume of sugar

Salt to taste
Multivitamin tablet ground into a powder


A small batch with concrete measurements:

1 cup wheat meal or cornmeal

2/3 cup any bean meal (lentils are smaller and easier to grind)

3 tablespoons cooking oil

3 tablespoons sugar

Salt to taste

Multivitamin tablet ground into a powder

Combine all these ingredients.  Add water in a ratio of 1 part fameal to 3 parts water.  Mix until smooth and then cover and cook over low heat for 8-10 minutes.  For additional protein, stir in a little milk powder. 

Like I said, I’m not trying these out.  After I serve them to starving masses, I’ll pop on here and post their reviews.  ;)  If you try them out before I get around to it, post your reviews in the comments below.

Links to related posts:

Banana Peel Bacon  

Death by Pinto Beans 

 

Wednesday, February 28, 2024

Nutritional Deficiencies in a Prolonged Food Crisis

Last week I posted a review of Cresson Kearny’s Maintaining Nutritional Adequacy during a Prolonged Food Crisis.  I strongly recommend printing a copy if you haven’t done so already. 

As you know, I started writing this blog for my children who want the essential information but lack the time to do the research themselves.  Research is something I enjoy; they are gifted in other areas like engineering and heavy labor. 

Anyway, one of the topics that piqued my curiosity first, and which I felt the kids really needed to know and which isn’t succinctly presented in the manual, concerns nutritional deficiencies that will occur when diets are limited and what can be done to prevent such issues.

Years ago I blogged on the essential vitamins and minerals and what happens when deficiencies occur.  (Review those articles for deficiency signs and symptoms as well as rich sources for these essential nutrients.)  But I don’t think there were any timelines for how quickly such issues could arise.  I’m curious about it.

If cells are empty, that information was not provided in the literature.  And the information contained herein is sourced only from the above-mentioned manual.  

The recommendations come from the US recommended daily allowance and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN and the World Health Organization.

Nutritional Deficiencies in a Prolonged Food Crisis

 

How soon?

US RDA

FAO/WHO

Infants

Children

Pregnant/lactating women

Minimum in a long-term disaster

Vit A[1]

Several months in a well-nourished population

3300 IU in men; 2664 IU in women

2475 IU

½ of the emergency dosage

½ of the emergency dosage

50% more than the emergency dosage

1815 IU for adults

Vit B1[2]

 

 

1.0 mg/2500 calories

 

 

 

1.0 mg/2500 calories

Vit B2[3]

 

1.4 mg/2600 calories

0.44 mg/1000 calories

 

 

 

1.4 mg/2600 calories

Vit B3

5-6 months if person is subsisting on untreated corn

 

17 mg/2600 calories

 

 

 

17 mg/2600 calories

Vit B6

 

2 mg

 

 

 

 

1.5 mg

Vit B9

 

400 µg

 

 

 

800 µg pregnancy

600 µg lactation

200 µg

Vit B12

Over 12 months

 

 

 

 

 

 

Vit C

1-6 months

45 mg

30 mg

Breast-fed infants will receive enough from mother’s milk.  Others need supplementation

 

 

15 mg

Vit D

 

<22 years, 400 IU

>6 years, 100 IU

400 IU

<6 years, 400 IU

400 IU

400 IU for children <7 years and pregnant women

Calcium

Unlikely to occur in adults within 1 year.

800 mg

400-500 mg

500-600 mg (not breast-fed)

1-9 years, 400-500 mg; 10-15 years, 600-700 mg; 16-19 years, 500-600 mg

 

400 mg

Magnesium

Rare

350 mg men; 300 mg women

200-300 mg

 

 

 

200-300 mg

Iron

Varies by individual

10-18 mg

10 mg (considered insufficient for vulnerable groups)

 

 

 

10 mg

Zinc

 

15 mg

5.5-22 mg, based on zinc content of diet

 

 

 

11 mg

Iodine

Several months to 1 year in a well-nourished person

100-150 µg, >7 years

 

1/8 adult dose

¼ adult dose

 

 

Potassium

Unlikely to occur

1.5-2.5 g

 

 

 

 

1.5 g

[1] If the vitamin A source is plant-based, triple the daily dosage.

[2] According to the authors, thiamin deficiency is not anticipated to be a concern in the US.

[3] It will be difficult to consume adequate amounts of riboflavin on a survival diet of grains and legumes.  The best source of riboflavin is milk.

 

 

Well, that little exercise of creating the above table took a couple of hours, but it was time well-spent.  I think we consume a fairly healthy diet here, so we should be heading into difficult times with adequate reservoirs of the essential vitamins and minerals.  Basic and expanded food storage and gardens should fill needs for vitamins A, B9, and C as well as zinc.  Sun will satisfy vitamin D requirements.  I feel reassured about what we’ve got planned.  But that doesn’t mean I’m not buying some more vitamins on my next trip to the pharmacy.   

Links to related posts:

Maintaining Nutritional Adequacy during a Prolonged Food Crisis

Dietary Deficiency and Consequences--Vitamin B1
                                                                Vitamin B2
                                                                Vitamin B3
                                                                Vitamin B5, B6, B7
                                                                Vitamin B9
                                                                Vitamin B12
                                                                Vitamin C  
                                                                Vitamin D
                                                                Calcium  
                                                                Iodine  
                                                                Iron
                                                                Magnesium
                                                                Potassium  
                                                                Zinc